13/09/2026
Series and Parallel Connection in Electrical Circuits
1. Series Connection A series connection is when electrical components are connected one after another in a single path.
Current has only one path to flow.
The same current flows through all the components.
If one component becomes open/disconnected, the whole circuit can stop working.
Voltage is shared among the components.
Example:
Supply → Lamp 1 → Lamp 2 → Lamp 3 → Supply
2. Parallel Connection A parallel connection is when components are connected across separate branches.
Current has multiple paths to flow.
The same voltage is across each branch.
If one lamp goes off, the other lamps can continue working.
Current is divided among the branches.
Example:
┌── Lamp 1 ──┐
Supply ───┤── Lamp 2 ──├── Supply
└── Lamp 3 ──┘
Easy way to remember
Series Parallel
One path Multiple paths
Current is the same Current divides
Voltage is shared Voltage is the same
One open component can stop the circuit One branch can fail while others work
In normal house wiring, lamps and sockets are generally connected in parallel, so each appliance receives the supply voltage independently.